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F436 Washer Specifications — Chemistry, Mechanical, Hardness
ASTM F436 washer specifications cover chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensional tolerances and marking for hardened steel washers in both inch (F436) and metric (F436M) series. Two grades are defined: Type 1 carbon steel for general structural use, and Type 3 weathering steel for atmospheric-corrosion-resistant applications. Both grades share identical hardness requirements (HRC 38–45 through-hardened).
Scope
ASTM F436/F436M covers Metric and Imperial (Inch) Series Hardened Steel Washers for structural use with fasteners having nominal thread diameters of 1/4 through 4 in. and M12 through M100. Washers are intended for general-purpose mechanical and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, and other internally and externally threaded fasteners. These washers are suitable for use with fasteners covered in Specifications A354, A449, A563, A563M, F959/F959M, and F3125. Steel shall be produced by the open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace process. Washers up to and including 11/2 in. (M36 metric) shall be through-hardened; larger washers may be either through-hardened or carburized at the option of the manufacturer.
ASTM F436/F436M Mechanical Properties
Through-hardened washers shall have a hardness of 38 to 45 HRC, except when zinc-coated by the hot-dip process, in which case they shall have a hardness of 26 to 45 HRC. Carburized washers shall be carburized to a minimum depth of 0.015 in. (inch series) or 0.38 mm (metric series) and shall have a surface hardness of 69 to 73 HRA or 79 to 83 HR15N, except when zinc-coated by the hot-dip process, in which case they shall have a hardness of 63 to 73 HRA or 73 to 83 HR15N. Carburized and hardened washers shall have a minimum core hardness of 30 HRC or 65 HRA.
ASTM F436/F436M Type 1 Chemical Requirements
| Element | Analysis | Composition, % |
|---|---|---|
| Type 1 | ||
| P, max | Heat analysis | 0.040 |
| Product analysis | 0.050 | |
| S, max | Heat analysis | 0.050 |
| Product analysis | 0.060 |
ASTM F436/F436M Type 3 Chemical Requirements
| Element | Analysis | Composition, % |
|---|---|---|
| Type 3B | ||
| P, max | Heat analysis | 0.040 |
| Product analysis | 0.045 | |
| S, max | Heat analysis | 0.050 |
| Product analysis | 0.055 | |
| Si | Heat analysis | 0.15-0.35 |
| Product analysis | 0.13-0.37 | |
| Cr | Heat analysis | 0.45-0.65 |
| Product analysis | 0.42-0.68 | |
| Ni | Heat analysis | 0.25-0.45 |
| Product analysis | 0.22-0.48 | |
| Cu | Heat analysis | 0.25-0.45 |
| Product analysis | 0.22-0.48 | |
|
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ASTM F436 Washer Marking
| Type | Marking |
|---|---|
| ASTM F436/F436M Type 1 | TB F436 1 |
| ASTM F436/F436M Type 3 | TB F436 3 |
See Also
For dimensional tolerances (flatness, concentricity, burr) by nominal size, see F436 washer dimensions. For the metric-only F436M data, see F436M (metric series). For the full standard PDF, see ASTM F436/F436M PDF.
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